Antioxidants (Vitamins A, C and E) are thought to prevent the formation of these unstable chemicals which damage the cells through a process called oxidation. Scientists have suggested for a number of years that ingestion of antioxidants on a regular basis may help to slow the overall effect of aging on the body.
It was only a matter of time before cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies picked up on the notion of applying antioxidants topically to the skin. As with alpha hydroxy acids, the issue is how much is enough to make a difference and cosmetic preparations usually do not contain high enough concentrations.
It is believed that oxygen free radicals are released when the skin is exposed to the sun and are largely responsible for the photodamage of the lipids, melanin, collagen, and elastins; in the skin. Research suggests that topical antioxidants help to prevent the deterioration of the skin over time by neutralizing these free radicals. Although antioxidants are not a substitute for a broad based sunscreen, they provide protection which is comparable to an SPF of 3.
Stimulation of the production of collagen in the second layer of the skin has also been attributed to antioxidants. Delivery however is the issue. Fat soluble vitamin E penetrates the epidermis with relative ease, however, other vitamin molecules like Vitamin C are too large. They require some type of vehicle for transport to the dermis. Liposomes, tiny fat capsules, are one such vehicle.
Antioxidants have not yet stood the test time, therefore, it is difficult to say for sure whether they actually prevent or repair photo aging of the skin. However, there is probably no harm in trying them as long as the skin is also well protected from the sun. Look for a concentration of at least 10.
